What Is Psoriatic Arthritis?

Psoriatic arthritis is a long-term joint condition linked to psoriasis, a skin disease. It causes swelling, pain, and stiffness in the joints. Many people with psoriasis may develop this type of arthritis. However, it can also affect people without visible skin symptoms. Psoriatic arthritis symptoms often include joint pain, swelling, and skin changes. Understanding psoriatic arthritis causes and how it is diagnosed can help you seek early treatment. Effective psoriatic arthritis treatment can reduce pain and improve daily life.

Common Symptoms

Psoriatic arthritis can affect different parts of the body. While symptoms may vary, some are more common. For example, you may notice:

Joint pain, swelling, or stiffness, often in fingers or toes

Red, scaly patches on the skin (psoriasis)

Swollen fingers or toes, sometimes called “sausage digits”

Back pain or stiffness

Nail changes, such as pitting or separation from the nail bed

Fatigue or feeling very tired

Sometimes, symptoms can flare up and then get better. But, without treatment, joint damage may occur over time.

Causes and Risk Factors

Doctors do not know the exact cause of psoriatic arthritis. Still, several factors can increase your risk. For instance, having psoriasis is the biggest risk factor. In addition, family history plays a role. If a close relative has psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis, your risk is higher. Certain infections or injuries may also trigger the condition in some people. Both men and women can get psoriatic arthritis, usually between ages 30 and 50.

How Psoriatic Arthritis Is Diagnosed

Early diagnosis is important for managing psoriatic arthritis. Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history. They may check your skin and nails for signs of psoriasis. Blood tests can help rule out other types of arthritis. Sometimes, doctors use X-rays or MRI scans to look for joint damage. Because symptoms can look like other joint problems, seeing a rheumatologist can help you get the right diagnosis.

Treatment Options

There are many ways to treat psoriatic arthritis. The goal is to reduce pain, swelling, and joint damage. Treatment options include:

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for pain relief

Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) to slow joint damage

Biologic medicines that target the immune system

Corticosteroid injections for severe joint pain

Physical therapy to keep joints flexible

Sometimes, doctors may suggest a mix of these treatments. Regular check-ups help track your progress and adjust your plan as needed.

Lifestyle Tips and Self-Care

In addition to medical treatment, healthy habits can make a big difference. For example, you can:

Stay active with gentle exercises like walking or swimming

Maintain a healthy weight to ease joint stress

Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables

Get enough rest and manage stress

Protect your joints during daily tasks

With these steps, you may feel better and keep your joints working well.

Prevention and Early Detection

There is no sure way to prevent psoriatic arthritis. However, early detection can help limit joint damage. If you have psoriasis, watch for joint pain or swelling. See your doctor if you notice any new symptoms. Early treatment can help you stay active and protect your joints.

For personalized advice on psoriatic arthritis, consult a rheumatologist. Early care can make a big difference in your quality of life.